Hard-drawn steel wire for upholstery springs is a high-strength material used in making
furniture springs for products such as sofas, chairs, mattresses, and seating systems. It
is known for its excellent tensile strength, elasticity, and ability to maintain shape even
after repeated compression.
To ensure this wire delivers consistent strength, flexibility, and durability in furniture
applications, the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) has defined strict quality
requirements under IS 2589:1975. Manufacturers must obtain BIS certification before
supplying this product in the Indian market.
Overview of IS 2589:1975
Standard
This Indian Standard specifies the requirements for hard-drawn steel wire used in
upholstery springs. It is issued by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) to ensure that
the wire has the required strength, elasticity, and durability needed for furniture
applications.
The standard ensures that the material is:
- Manufactured with the correct steel quality to achieve high tensile strength
- Strong enough to withstand repeated compression without breaking
- Flexible enough to maintain shape and spring action in upholstery use
- Suitable for long-term durability in furniture applications
- Properly tested for mechanical strength, size accuracy, and performance
consistency
Who requires BIS certification for hard-drawn steel wires
BIS certification as per IS 2589:1975 is required for all entities involved in the production
and sale of these steel wires in India.
It’s applicable for :
- Manufacturers – Must obtain BIS certification for hard-drawn steel wires made
in India.
- Importers – Must ensure imported products are BIS certified before sale.
- Suppliers/Distributors – Must sell only BIS-compliant product in the market.
BIS Testing & Quality Standards for Hard Drawn Steel Wires
To ensure high strength and reliable performance in upholstery spring applications, the Bureau of Indian Standards has defined strict testing and inspection requirements under IS 2589:1975.
What are R and S
- R (Required): Tests must be carried out in the manufacturer’s in-house testing facility
- S (Subcontracting Allowed): Tests can be conducted in BIS-recognized or NABL-accredited external laboratories
Chemical Composition Verification
- Ladle Composition Check (R) – Confirms correct levels of carbon, silicon, manganese, sulphur, and phosphorus during steel making
- Product Composition Review (S) – Verifies final wire composition against standard limits after processing
- Impurity Control Assessment (R) – Ensures no harmful additional elements are present beyond specified limits
Dimensional and Physical Quality Checks
- Diameter Measurement Control (R) – Ensures wire size matches standard ranges with permitted tolerances
- Shape Uniformity Check (R) – Confirms ovality and roundness consistency across wire cross-section
- Size Variation Inspection (R) – Verifies that drawn wire maintains uniform thickness along its length
Mechanical Performance Testing
- Tensile Strength Evaluation (R) – Tests wire strength under load to ensure proper spring performance
- Elastic Behaviour Check (R) – Confirms ability to withstand stretching without failure
- Twisting Resistance Test (S) – Assesses wire durability under torsional stress (for specific wire types)
- Bending Endurance Test (S) – Checks flexibility and resistance to repeated bending without breakage
- Coiling Performance Test (S) – Ensures wire can be formed into springs without cracking or fracture
Surface Quality and Workmanship Inspection
- Surface Defect Examination (R) – Ensures wire is free from cracks, rust, seams, or harmful imperfections
- Straightness and Flatness Check (R) – Confirms wire does not show waviness or unwanted curvature
- Finish Quality Assessment (R) – Verifies proper phosphate-drawn or coated finish as per requirement
How to Get BIS License for Upholstery Strings Steel wires

To obtain the license, the BIS certification process ensures that the product meets the required standard for proper and efficient operation as defined by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS). The process includes the following steps:
- Online Registration: Manufacturers register on the BIS Manak Online Portal by submitting company details, factory information, and product specifications. Foreign manufacturers must appoint an Authorized Indian Representative (AIR) in India.
- Testing at BIS-Approved Laboratory: Product samples are tested in BIS-approved laboratories to evaluate electrical safety, insulation resistance, heating efficiency, durability, and overall performance as per requirements.
- Application Submission: The application is submitted along with laboratory test reports, technical documents, manufacturing process details, and factory information. Foreign manufacturers must also provide AIR-related documents.
- Factory Inspection: BIS officials conduct an on-site inspection of the manufacturing unit to verify production processes, quality control systems, safety measures, and compliance with the standard.
- Grant of BIS License: If all requirements are successfully met, BIS issues the certification license under Scheme-I, allowing the manufacturer to produce and sell certified products.
- Use of ISI Mark: After certification approval, the manufacturer is permitted to use the ISI mark along with a CM/L number on the product, confirming compliance with the standard.
BIS Documents for hard-drawn steel wires (IS 2589:1975)
The following documents are typically required for obtaining BIS approval for springs steel wire:
| Basic Details | - GST Certificate
- Email ID & Contact Number
- Factory & Office Address
- Rent Agreement / Lease Deed (if applicable)
|
| Legal Documents | - Partnership Deed (if partnership firm)
|
| Manufacturing Details | - List of Machinery
- Process Flow Chart
- Layout Plan of Factory
|
| Raw Material Details | - List of Raw Materials
- Supplier Details
- Raw Material Invoices
- Raw Material Test Certificates
|
| Testing & Quality Control | - List of Testing Equipment
- Calibration Certificates
- QC / Lab In-charge Appointment Letter & Qualification
|
| Production Details | - Annual Installed Capacity
- Last Year Production Value
|
| Product & Packaging Details | - Quantity per Package
- Nature of Packing
- Nature of Printing / Marking on Product
|
| Management Details | - Top Management Details
- Concerned Person for BIS Communication
|
| Brand & Certification Documents | - Trademark / Brand Certificate
- Consent Letter from BIS Recognized Laboratory
|
| Additional Documents | - Weekly Off Details
- Hygiene Document (if applicable)
- Relaxation Letter (if applicable), Any Other Relevant Document
|
Foreign manufacturers must additionally appoint an Authorized Indian Representative (AIR) to coordinate with the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and manage compliance requirements in India.
Marking Requirements and ISI Labelling
After obtaining the BIS license, the ISI mark for upholstery spring steel wires must be clearly and permanently applied on the product or its packaging. Other required details are provided in the table below. This ensures the product is compliant with applicable quality and safety standards.
| Requirement | Details |
|---|
| ISI Mark | Indicates that the product is BIS certified and follows to the standard |
| Standard Number | IS 2589 |
| CML Number | Certification Marks License (CML) number issued by BIS |
| Manufacturer Details | Name of manufacturer or registered trademark |
| Batch / Date | Batch number, heat number, or manufacturing date for traceability |
Note: Marking should be done using stamping, tags, or permanent printing so the product can be easily identified during handling, storage, and transport, as per BIS requirements.
BIS License Validity for furniture springs steel wires
After getting BIS certification, the license is valid for a limited period. Manufacturers must follow BIS rules and maintain product quality to keep the license active.
License Validity Details
| Particulars | Details |
|---|
| Initial Validity | Typically 1 to 2 years, depending on BIS approval conditions |
| Renewal | Must be renewed before expiry by submitting the application along with the prescribed fee and updated documents |
| Surveillance | Includes periodic factory inspections and market sample testing conducted by BIS |
| Compliance | Continuous following to standard and applicable Quality Control Orders (QCOs) is mandatory |
| Risk | Non-compliance or failed sample testing may lead to suspension or cancellation of the BIS license |
BIS Approval Cost for upholstery springs steel wires
The cost of BIS certification includes charges for application, inspection, license, testing, and marking. These fees are paid to BIS as per Scheme I guidelines.
| Particulars | Amount | Remark |
|---|
| Application Fee | INR 1,000 | USD 15 |
| Audit Charges | INR 7,000 | USD 3,200 – 5,900 |
| License Fee | INR 1,000 | USD 15 |
| Marking Fee | As applicable | As applicable |
| Sample Testing Fee | As Applicable | As applicable |
| Consultancy & Support | As per actual
| As per actual |
Note:
- Application fee for foreign manufacturers is payable via SWIFT (SAARC countries may pay in INR with applicable GST).
- Audit charges for foreign manufacturers vary based on country/location.
- Marking fee depends on the product category and production volume (MSME benefits may apply).
- Testing charges are paid directly to BIS-approved laboratories.
- Consultancy fees depend on product type and factory location.
Conclusion:
The BIS certification for hard drawn steel wire used in upholstery springs as per IS 2589:1975 ensures that the material meets the required standards of strength, flexibility, and durability for spring applications. It confirms that the wire is properly tested for correct chemical composition, dimensional accuracy, and mechanical performance so that it works reliably in furniture and upholstery products. With proper testing, documentation, and compliance with BIS requirements, manufacturers can complete the certification process smoothly and enter the Indian market without issues. With the support of an experienced BIS consultant like EVTL India, the overall process becomes easier, well-managed, and quicker to complete